PINAEVA D.A. Mechanisms for Stimulating the Innovation of Employees of Enterprises in the USSR in the Context of the Reforms of the Mid-1950s – Mid-1960s
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2026.3.19
Daria A. Pinaeva,
Candidate of Sciences (History), Associate Professor, Department of Service Technologies, Kazan National Research Technological University, K. Marksa St, 68, 420015 Kazan, Russian Federation,
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9428-2050
Abstract. Introduction. The article analyzes organizational and economic mechanisms aimed at stimulating innovative activity and the speedy implementation of innovations at enterprises of the USSR. The contribution of public associations that promoted the development of mass invention and innovation, which is considered the most important resource for ensuring the country’s competitiveness, especially in industries not related to the military-industrial complex, is shown. Methods and materials. The research is based on the study of published (official statistical and regulatory data) and unpublished documents from federal and regional archives. Analysis. The competitiveness of the socialist economic model depended on the effectiveness of solving the problems of production of consumer goods in the second half of the 20th century. Much attention was paid to the development of the factory sector of science, as well as the development of mass forms of invention. Public scientific and technical associations played a key role in improving the general and technical level of education of employees of enterprises and contributed to the accumulation and dissemination of scientific and technical information. Having an extensive structure and a wide staff, scientific and technical associations were supposed to become a link between the actors of the innovation process, provide initiative, and promote fruitful ideas in management structures. Quantitative and qualitative indicators of innovative activity are analyzed. It is indicated that the development of mass invention allowed the USSR to take the leading positions in the world in terms of the number of registered applications for inventions, and the economic efficiency from the implementation of inventions demonstrated steady growth throughout the studied period. Results. The practices of stimulating innovation developed and implemented in the USSR reflect global trends in innovative development but have a number of features characteristic of a planned economy. Excessive administrative pressure led to the hollowing out of valuable initiatives and formalism. The creation of associations with a duplicate set of functions worsened the controllability of the system, multiplying sources of information and scattering responsibility. These problems and contradictions in the implementation of innovation-stimulating practices did not allow us to realize their potential. Funding. The research was funded by the Russian Science Foundation as part of the scientific project No. 23-28-00697 https://rscf.ru/project/23-28-00697/.
Key words: USSR science and technology policy, implementation of the achievements of scientific and technological revolution, innovative activity, innovations, State Committee for Science and Technology, All-Union Society of Inventors, Scientific and Technical societies in USSR.
Citation. Pinaeva D.A. Mechanisms for Stimulating the Innovation of Employees of Enterprises in the USSR in the Context of the Reforms of the Mid-1950s – Mid-1960s. Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya 4. Istoriya. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnosheniya [Science Journal of Volgograd State University. History. Area Studies. International Relations], 2026, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 211-224. (in Russian). DOI: https://doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2026.3.19
Mechanisms for Stimulating the Innovation of Employees of Enterprises in the USSR in the Context of the Reforms of the Mid-1950s – Mid-1960s © 2026 by Pinaeva D.A. is licensed under CC BY 4.0 
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