VYBORNOV A.A., GILJAZOV F.F., DOGA N.S., KULKOVA M.A., PHILIPPSEN BENTE. The Chronology of Neolithic-Eneolithic in the Steppe Zone of the Volga Basin
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2022.3.1
Aleksandr A. Vybornov
Doctor of Sciences (History), Professor, Head of the Department of Russian History and Archeology,
Samara State University of Social Sciences and Education,
M. Gorkogo St, 65/67, 443099 Samara, Russian Federation
This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3893-2933
Filat F. Giljazov
Postgraduate Student,
Department of Russian History and Archeology, Samara State University of Social Sciences and Education,
M. Gorkogo St, 65/67, 443099 Samara, Russian Federation
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2552-4850
Natalya S. Doga
Postgraduate Student,
Department of Russian History and Archeology, Samara State University of Social Sciences and Education,
M. Gorkogo St, 65/67, 443099 Samara, Russian Federation
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0551-4345
Marianna A. Kulkova
Candidate of Sciences (Geology and Mineralogy), Associate Professor,
Department of Geology and Geoecology, Herzen State Pedagogical University,
r. Moiki Emb., 48, 191186 Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9946-8751
Bente Philippsen
PhD, Researcher of Radiocarbon Dating Center,
Aarhus University,
Ny Munkegade St, 120, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5732-3570
Abstract. Introduction. The steppe zone of the Volga basin is interesting in connection with the study of the Orlovskaya, Cis-Caspian, and Khvalinskaya cultures. These cultures have an important significance for the prehistorical archaeology of Eastern Europe. The Orlovskaya culture is characterized by the appearance of the most ancient ceramics in the region, early signs of domestication are connected with the Cis-Caspian culture but the earlier metal items were found in the Khvalinskaya culture. Together with the main features of these cultures, the important question is a determination of reliable boundaries of them. From 2007 more than 60 radiocarbon dates were obtained. The basis consisted of the materials of the Varfolomeevskaya site. The most of dates had been done on the organics from ceramics. That was under dispute.
Methods and materials. During the last eight years, more than 30 radiocarbon dates were obtained on the different organic materials (charcoal, animal bones, and food charred crusts) from new open stratified sites – Algay and Oroshaemoe. This set of dates gave the possibility to develop a reliable chronological schema for the Neolithic-Eneolithic in the region under consideration. The comparison of dates on the different organic materials has been done.
Results. The chronological framework of the Orlovskaya culture, the Cis-Caspian culture of transition period and the Eneolithic Khvalinskaya culture for the steppe zone of the Volga basin was determined. The place of the Orlovskaya cultural antiquities among of Neolithic cultures of neighboring regions was established. The age of transitional Neolithic-Eneolithic Cis-Caspian culture with the earliest pieces of evidence of domestication in Eastern Europe was definite. The chronological framework of the Khvalinskaya Eneolithic culture in the steppe zone was considered and made the comparison with the Cis-Caspian culture.
Authors’ contribution. A.A. Vybornov is prepared the archaeological part of the article and did analysis and their interpretation of the radiocarbon dates on the Neolithic of the steppe zone of the Volga basin. F.F. Giljazov collected all dates of the Orlovskaya culture of the Algay and Oroshaemoe sites. N.S. Doga did an analysis of dates of the Cis-Caspian and Khvalinskaya cultures on these sites. M.A. Kulkova obtained the radiocarbon dates for different layers of the Algay and Oroshaemoe sites and did the correlations on the different organic materials. B. Philippsen obtained the AMS dates on charcoal, bones, charred crusts and did their correlation.
Key words: the steppe zone of the Volga basin, chronology, radiocarbon dating, Neolithic, the Orlovskaya culture, the Cis-Caspian culture, Eneolithic, the Khvalinskaya culture. Citation. Vybornov A.A., Giljazov F.F., Doga N.S., Kulkova M.A., Philippsen Bente. The Chronology of Neolithic-Eneolithic in the Steppe Zone of the Volga Basin. Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya 4. Istoriya. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnosheniya [Science Journal of Volgograd State University. History. Area Studies. International Relations], 2022, vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 6-15. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2022.3.1.
The Chronology of Neolithic-Eneolithic in the Steppe Zone of the Volga Basin by Vybornov A.A., Giljazov F.F., Doga N.S., Kulkova M.A.,Philippsen Bente is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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