CHERKASOV A.A., KOROLEVA L.A., BRATANOVSKIY S.N., SMIGEL M. The Evolution of the Circassians’ Oaths in the Context of Changing Religious Views in 1800-1855
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2018.4.5
Aleksandr A. Cherkasov
Doctor of Sciences (History), Professor,
Volgograd State University,
Prosp. Universitetsky, 100, 400062 Volgograd, Russian Federation;
Member of the American Historical Association, Washington, USA
This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1493-765X
Larisa A. Koroleva
Doctor of Sciences (History), Professor,
Penza State University of Architecture and Construction,
Germana Titova St., 28, 440028 Penza, Russian Federation
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5403-4682
Sergey N. Bratanovskiy
Doctor of Sciences (Jurisprudence), Professor,
Department of State Legal and Criminal Law Disciplines, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics,
Stremyanny lane, 36, 117997 Moscow, Russian Federation
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6507-4439
Michal Smigel
Doctor of History, Associate Professor of Matej Bel University;
Deputy Head of the Laboratory of World Civilizations,
International Network Center for Fundamental and Applied Research,
Narodna St., 12, 97401 Banska Bystrica, Slovakia
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Abstract. The paper examines the evolution of the Circassians’ oaths in the period of 1800-1855 in the context of changing religious views.
The research materials are represented with the archival documents of the State archive of the Krasnodar Krai (Krasnodar, Russian Federation) and with the sources of personal origin belonging to emissaries and agents who have investigated the situation or resided on the territory of Circassia for some time.
The methodological basis of the paper includes the principles of historicism and objectivity which are traditional for research of this kind, as well as analytical, probabilistic-statistical, typological and comparative methods. Using these methods has allowed us to compare the oath texts and to identify their peculiar features.
Besides, on the basis of various facts obtained in the process of documents’ processing, the method of historicism has let revealing the relevant phenomena and processes associated with the change of religious rules in Circassia in 1800-1855.
We conclude that during the civil war in Circassia in 1785 the system of religious rules was changed, and the Koran got the equal right along with the Bible, the Psalms of David and the Book of Evangelists. After 15 years, in 1800, the Circassians swore on these four books in their oaths. However, in 1842, there was no mention of the Christian books in the oath texts. In our opinion, this fact proves the conducted activity aimed at discrediting the Christian and pagan beliefs of the population and the victorious spread of Islam in the region. Nevertheless, the Circassian aristocracy, who left Circassia and moved to the Russian territory, retained the references to the ancient Christian books in their oaths.
Key words: oath, Circassia, 1800-1855, Russian Empire, religion.
Citation. Cherkasov A.A., Koroleva L.A., Bratanovskiy S.N., Smigel M. The Evolution of the Circassians’ Oaths in the Context of Changing Religious Views in 1800-1855. Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya 4, Istoriya. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnosheniya [Science Journal of Volgograd State University. History. Area Studies. International Relations], 2018, vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 40-50. (in Russian). DOI: https://doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2018.4.5.
The Evolution of the Circassians’ Oaths in the Context of Changing Religious Views in 1800-1855 by Cherkasov A.A., Koroleva L.A., Bratanovskii S.N., Smigel M. is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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