VYBORNOV A.A., OINONEN M., DOGA N.S., KULKOVA M.A., POPOV A.S. On the Chronological Aspect of Productive Economy Origin in the Lower Volga Region
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2016.3.1
Aleksandr A. Vybornov
Doctor of Sciences (History), Professor, Head of Department of Russian History and Archaeology,
Volga Region State Academy of Social Sciences and Humanities
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M. Gorkogo St., 65/67, 443099 Samara, Russian Federation
Markku Oinonen
Doctor of Sciences, PhD, Laboratory Director,
University of Helsinki
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Gustaf Hallstromin St., 2, FL – 00014 Helsinki, Finland
Natalya S. Doga
Master Student, Faculty of History, Research Assistant,
Volga Region State Academy of Social Sciences and Humanities
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M. Gorkogo St., 65/67, 443099 Samara, Russian Federation
Marianna A. Kulkova
Candidate of Geological and Mineralogical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Geology and Geoecology,
Herzen State Pedagogical University
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r. Moyki Emb., 48/12, 191186 Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
Aleksandr S. Popov
Master Student, Faculty of History,
Volga Region State Academy of Social Sciences and Humanities
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M. Gorkogo St., 65/67, 443099 Samara, Russian Federation
Abstract. The Lower Volga region territory plays a large part in studying the origin of producing economy. It is particularly important to determine the time of this process commencement. The researchers assumed the coexistence of the late Neolithic and Early Eneolithic monuments in this area. On that basis they highlighted the Neo-Eneolithic period. The researchers dated it to the middle of the 5 millennium BC. They associated this period and the emergence of producing economy at the territory under discussion. The weak point of this hypothesis was a small number of radiocarbon dates on this issue. Obtained after 2007, the radiocarbon dates on the Neolithic and Eneolithic monuments in the Lower Volga region demonstrate a 500-year chronological gap between them. That is why the hypothesis of the Neo-Eneolithic period is not confirmed. At the same time there is a reason to believe that the Late Neolithic and the Caspian Sea region culture coexisted during 5800-5500 BC. However, the referring of the Caspian Sea region culture to the Eneolithic suffers from the lack of evidence that its carriers were familiar with metal. There is also no evidence that they had cattle breeding. The situation changed after studying the Oroshaemoye I archaeological site in the Lower Volga region in 2014-2015. Cultural layer with materials from only the Caspian Sea region culture was found there. This increases the significance of the monument. The bones of domestic sheep and goats were found in this cultural layer. This is the first significant evidence of producing economy existing among the population of the Lower Volga region. AMS radiocarbon dates 4800 and 4700 BC were obtained from domestic sheep bones from this site. Thus, it is possible to make a reasoned conclusion that producing economy had being formed in the Lower Volga region among the carriers of the Caspian Sea region culture. This process can be reliably dated to the beginning of the 5 millennium BC.
Key words: Lower Volga region, Neo-Eneolithic period, producing economy, chronology, culture of the Caspian Sea region.
On the Chronological Aspect of Productive Economy Origin in the Lower Volga Region by Vybornov A.A., Oinonen M., Doga N.S., Kulkova M.A., Popov A.S. is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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