JAVADI R. Beyond US Hegemony: Sino-Russian Networked Security and the Rise of an Archipelagic Global Order
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2026.2.4
Reza Javadi,
PhD in British Studies, Faculty of World Studies, University of Tehran, Kargar St, Tehran, Iran,
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https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6691-4790
Abstract. Introduction. The current paper studies the networked security cooperation between China and Russia within the emerging fragmented world order, where American hegemony is on the verge of decline. A multipolar structure relies on the heart of this emerging order, in which clusters of states form autonomous, interlinked “archipelagos” based on shared strategic interests. Methods and materials. Using the theory of Networked Security Complexes (NSC) as the theoretical framework, this study looks at how China and Russia respond to changing geopolitical patterns by creating interconnected security architectures that challenge conventional U.S.-dominated alliances. The study is seeking to answer the question of why and how China and Russia have significantly strengthened their security cooperation, constructing a strategic partnership, and how this partnership contributes to the new archipelago-based world order. To answer this question, methodologically, the research adopts a qualitative approach, integrating discourse analysis of official documents, joint statements, and strategic policy papers with process-tracing of key diplomatic and military engagements between Beijing and Moscow from 2010 to 2024. Analysis and results. The paper views Sino-Russian cooperation in contemporary world politics as a strategic deployment to fragmentation, suggesting an alternative version of regional stability, which, in turn, puts emphasis on sovereignty, non-interference, and mutual security guarantees over unipolar security leadership. Finally, the study comes to the conclusion that the aforementioned Sino-Russian network signifies not only contestation against Western-led global governance but also the alignment with the autonomous security balancing strategy, highlighting the rise of a polycentric and archipelago-based security governance system as the defining feature of the present-day international system.
Key words: Sino-Russian cooperation, China, Russia, Archipelago-based World Order, NSC.
Citation. Javadi R. Beyond US Hegemony: Sino-Russian Networked Security and the Rise of an Archipelagic Global Order. Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya 4. Istoriya. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnosheniya [Science Journal of Volgograd State University. History. Area Studies. International Relations], 2026, vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 40-50. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2026.2.4
Beyond US Hegemony: Sino-Russian Networked Security and the Rise of an Archipelagic Global Order © 2026 by Javadi R. is licensed under CC BY 4.0 
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