1998-99382312-8704Вестник Волгоградского государственного университета. Серия 4: История. Регионоведение. Международные отношения10.15688/jvolsu4.2024.2.12Идея конкуренции в международной политической теории: некоторые актуальные аспекты дискуссииThe Idea of Competition in International Political Theory: Some Current Aspects of the DiscussionГуторовВладимир АлександровичГуторовВладимир АлександровичGutorovVladimir A.0000-0001-8063-2558ШиринянцАлександр АндреевичШиринянцАлександр АндреевичShirinyantsAlexander A.0000-0002-6949-2256Saint Petersburg State University (Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation)Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет (г. Санкт-Петербург, Российская Федерация)Lomonosov Moscow State University (Moscow, Russian Federation)Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова (г. Москва, Российская Федерация)MGIMO University (Moscow, Russian Federation)Московский государственный институт международных отношений (Университет) МИД России (г. Москва, Российская Федерация)070520242921331443110202330012024CC BY 4.0

Введение. В статье выявляются истоки и причины многообразия интерпретаций понятия «конкуренция» в современной политической теории путем сравнительного анализа результатов дискуссий зарубежных ученых, придерживающихся самых различных методологических, философских и идеологических позиций. Методы и материалы. Анализ дискуссий осуществляется с междисциплинарных позиций, объединяющих методологию современной политической теории, политической экономии, политической этики и психологии, теории международных отношений и других научных направлений. В качестве исходных материалов исследования были использованы более 60 работ видных зарубежных специалистов, опубликованных по большей части в последнее десятилетие. Многие из них имеют откровенно полемический характер. Анализ. Примечательным моментом теоретических дебатов на рубеже XX–XXI вв. является стремление многих специалистов дистанцироваться от традиционной неолиберальной риторики и исследовать современные тенденции и модификации конкуренции на уровнях мировой и национальной политики с принципиально новых методологических позиций. Широкий резонанс имеют идеи создания альтернативных теоретических моделей, обеспечивающих гармонию между конкуренцией и сотрудничеством и тем самым способствующих преодолению почти полувекового господства парадигмы неолиберального мирового порядка. Непосредственным их следствием является возникновение новых концептуальных интерпретаций, характеризующих особенности формирования идеи нового международного порядка с соответствующими изменениями в области политической терминологии. Результаты. Дана характеристика современного внешнеполитического разворота к «новой стратегической конкуренции», выделена актуальная теоретическая проблема «парадигмы вооруженной взаимозависимости», показано, что на фоне дискуссий вокруг украинского конфликта в западной научной литературе парадоксально выглядят некоторые трактовки проблемы политического и экономического соперничества США и Китая: в них нередко отражается явное стремление американской правящей элиты маневрировать и по возможности избежать перспективы вести войну на два фронта. Вклад авторов. В.А. Гуторов проанализировал основные направления дискуссий, связанных с проблемой концептуализации понятия «конкуренция» в международной политической теории. А.А. Ширинянц осуществил непосредственный анализ теоретических и идеологических дебатов вокруг многообразных проблем глобального и регионального соперничества мировых держав.

Introduction. The article presents an attempt to identify the origins as well as the immediate causes of the diversity of interpretations of the concept of “competition” in modern political theory through a comparative analysis of the results of discussions of foreign scientists adhering to utterly diversified methodological, philosophical, and ideological positions. Methods and materials. The analysis of these discussions is carried out from an interdisciplinary perspective, combining the methodologies of modern political theory, political economy, political ethics and psychology, the methodology of history, the theory of international relations, and other scientific areas. More than 60 works by prominent foreign experts, published mostly in the last decade, were used as source materials for the study. Many of them are openly polemical and controversial. Analysis. A noteworthy moment in theoretical debates at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries is the desire of many specialists to distance themselves from traditional neoliberal rhetoric and explore the latest trends and modifications of competition at the levels of world and national politics from fundamentally new methodological positions. The ideas of creating alternative theoretical models that ensure harmony between competition and cooperation and thereby help overcome almost half a century of dominance of the neoliberal world order paradigm have a wide resonance. Their immediate consequence is the emergence of new conceptual interpretations that characterize the specific features of the formation of the idea of the new international order, with corresponding changes in the field of political terminology. Results. The main section of the article presented an attempt to characterize the modern foreign policy turn towards “new strategic competition” and highlight, in particular, the emerging theoretical problem, which experts sometimes refer to as the “paradigm of armed interdependence.” Amid discussions around the Ukrainian conflict in Western scientific literature, some interpretations of the problem of political and economic rivalry between the United States and China look paradoxical: they often reflect the clear desire of the American ruling elite to maneuver and, if possible, avoid the prospect of waging a war on two fronts. Authors’contribution. V.A. Gutorov analyzed the main directions of discussions related to the problem of conceptualizing the notion of “competition” in international political theory. A.A. Shirinyants carried out a direct analysis of the theoretical and ideological debates around the diverse problems of global and regional rivalry between the world powers. Key words: competition, world order, cooperation, neoliberalism, political theory, world politics, military conflict. Citation. Gutorov V.A., Shirinyants A.A. The Idea of Competition in International Political Theory: Some Current Aspects of the Discussion. Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya 4. Istoriya. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnosheniya [Science Journal of Volgograd State University. History. Area Studies. International Relations], 2024, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 133-144. (in Russian). DOI: https://doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2024.2.12.

конкуренциямировой порядоксотрудничествонеолиберализмполитическая теориямировая политикавоенный конфликтcompetitionworld ordercooperationneoliberalismpolitical theoryworld politicsmilitary conflictПубликация подготовлена при поддержке Программы развития МГИМО «Приоритет-2030».The publication was supported by the MGIMO University “Priority-2030” programme.Abelow B. How the West Brought War to Ukraine: Understanding How U.S. and NATO Policies Led to Crisis, War, and the Risk of Nuclear Catastrophe. Great Barrington, Massachusetts USA, Siland Press, 2022. 88 p.Moudud J.K., Bina C., Mason P.L., eds. Alternative Theories of Competition: Challenges to the Orthodoxy. London; New York, Routledge, 2012. 334 p.Becker B. France and Germany in the South China Sea, c. 1840-1930: Maritime Competition and Imperial Power. Cham, Palgrave Macmillan, 2021. 484 p.Buch-Hansen H., Wigger A. The Politics of European Competition Regulation: A Critical Political Economy. London; New York, Routledge, 2011.179 p.Bosco D., Gal M.S., eds. Challenges to Assumptions in Competition Law. Cheltenham, UK, Northampton, MA, USA, Edward Elgar, 2021. 266 p.Adi I.R., Achwan R., eds. Competition and Cooperation in Social and Political Sciences: Proceedings of the Asia Pacific Research in Social Sciences and Humanities, Depok, Indonesia, 7– 9 November 2016: Topics in Social and Political Sciences. London; New York, Routledge, 2018. 391 p.Arora-Jonsson S., Brunsson N., Hasse R., Lagerström K., eds. Competition: What It Is and Why It Happens. Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2021. 244 p.Brands H., Gain F.J., eds. COVID-19 and World Order: The Future of Conflict, Competition, and Cooperation. Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University Press, 2020. 455 p.Crawford T.W. The Power to Divide: Wedge Strategies in Great Power Competition. Ithaca; London, Cornell University Press, 2021. 292 p.Chou C.P., Spangler J., eds. Cultural and Educational Exchanges between Rival Societies: Cooperation and Competition in an Interdependent World. Singapore, Springer, 2018. 169 p.Davies W. The Limits of Neoliberalism: Authority, Sovereignty and the Logic of Competition. Los Angeles, etc., Sage, 2014. 220 p.Tomljenović V., Bodiroga-Vukobrat N., Malnar V.B., Kunda I., eds. EU Competition and State Aid Rules: Public and Private Enforcement. Berlin; Heidelberg, Springer-Verlag, 2017. 313 p.Franke N. Built to Belong: Discovering the Power of Community over Competition. New York; Nashville, Worthy Publishing, 2021. 256 p.Gilbert R.J. Innovation Matters: Competition Policy for the High-Technology Economy. Cambridge, Massachusetts; London, The MIT Press, 2020. 356 p.Glaser Ch.L. Rational Theory of International Politics: The Logic of Competition and Cooperation. Princeton; Oxford, Princeton University Press, 2010. 314 p.Naumescu V., ed. Great Powers’ Foreign Policy: Approaching the Global Competition and the Russian War against the West. Leiden; Boston, Brill, 2023. 497 p.Gresh G.F. To Rule Eurasias Waves: The New Great Power Competition at Sea. New Haven; London, Yale University Press, 2020. 363 p.Gutorov V.A., Shirinyants A.A., Shutov A.Yu. Two Civilizations: The Relations of Russia and Western Europe at the Beginning of the 21st Century. Baltic Region, 2018, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 132-141.Hearn J. The Domestication of Competition: Social Evolution and Liberal Society. Cambridge; New York, Cambridge University Press, 2023. 321 p.Hess M. Economic War: Ukraine and the Global Conflict Between Russia and the West. London, Hurst & Company, 2023. 280 p.Honghua Men. Order of East Asia: Regional Transformation, Competition Among Main Powers, and China’s Strategy. Singapore, Springer, 2020. 276 p.Hont I. Jealousy of Trade: International Competition and the Nation-State in Historical Perspective. Cambridge, Massachusetts; London, The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2005. 560 p.Hont I. Politics in Commercial Society: JeanJacques Rousseau and Adam Smith. Cambridge, Massachusetts; London, Harvard University Press, 2015. 138 p.Hudson R. Co-Produced Economies: Capital, Collaboration, Competition. London; New York, Routledge, 2019. 245 p.Kassab H.S. Globalization Multipolarity and Great Power Competition. New York; London, Routledge, 2022. 171 p.Kennedy P. The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers: Economic Change and Military Conflict from 1500-2000. London; Sydney; Wellington, Unwin Hyman, 1988. 677 p.Kreps D.M. Foundations I: Choice and Competitive Markets. Princeton; Oxford, Princeton University Press, 2012. 563 p.Kreps D.M. Microeconomic Foundations II: Imperfect Competition, Information, and Strategic Interaction. Princeton, Princeton University Press, 2023. 800 p.Kumar S., Qiu L. Social Media Analytics and Practical Applications: The Change to the Competition Landscape. Boca Raton; London; New York, CRC Press, 2022. 66 p.Levaggi A.G. Great Power Competition in the Southern Oceans: From the Indo-Pacific to the South Atlantic. Cham, Switzerland, Palgrave Macmillan, 2023. 269 p.Malinauskaite J. Harmonisation of EU Competition Law Enforcement. Cham, Switzerland, Springer, 2020. 272 p.Malinovskii V.K. Insurance Planning Models: Price Competition and Regulation of Financial Stability. New Jersey; London, etc., World Scientific, 2022. 332 p.Kapossy B., Nakhimovsky I., Reinert S.A., Whatmore R., eds. Markets, Morals, Politics: Jealousy of Trade and the History of Political Thought. Cambridge, Massachusetts; London, Harvard University Press, 2018. 316 p.Mazarr M.J., Blake J.S., Casey A., McDonald T., Pezard J., Spirtas M. Understanding the Emerging Era of International Competition: Theoretical and Historical Perspectives. Santa Monica, Calif., RAND Corporation, 2018. 166 p.Morgenthau H.J. Politics Among Nations: The Struggle for Power and Peace. New York, Alfred A. A. Knopf, 1948. 445 p.Molenaar C. The End of Competition: The Impact of the Network Economy. New Jersey, etc., World Scientific Publishing, 2020. 233 p.Monaghan A. Russian Grand Strategy in the Era of Global Power Competition. Manchester, Manchester University Press, 2022. 224 p.Mosca M. Monopoly Power and Competition: The Italian Marginalist Perspective. Cheltenham; Northampton, MA, Edward Elgar, 2018. 242 p.Moudud J.K. Strategic Competition, Dynamics, and the Role of the State: A New Perspective. Cheltenham; Northampton, MA, Edward Elgar, 2010. 164 p.Nanda N. Indias Industrial Policy and Performance: Growth, Competition and Competitiveness. London; New York, Routledge, 2021. 194 p.Nye J.S. Soft Power and Great-Power Competition: Shifting Sands in the Balance of Power Between the United States and China. Singapore, Springer, 2023. 208 p.Nye J.S., Welch D.A. Understanding Global Conflict & Cooperation: Intro to Theory & History. Ninth Edition. Harlow, Pearson Education Ltd, 2014. 371 p.Stevenson A., ed. Oxford Dictionary of English. New York, Oxford University Press, 2010. 2112 p.Pieper M. The Making of Eurasia: Competition and Cooperation Between Chinas Belt and Road Initiative and Russia. London; New York; Oxford; New Delhi; Sydney, I.B. Tauris, 2022. 166 p.Robertson V.H.S.E. Competition Laws Innovation Factor: The Relevant Market in Dynamic Contexts in the EU and the US. Oxford, etc., Hart, 2020. 352 p.Rodger B.J., Muccolloch A. Competition Law and Policy in the EU and UK. Sixth Edition. London; New York, Routledge, 2021. 391 p.Rolland S.E., Trubek D.M. Emerging Powers in the International Economic Order: Cooperation, Competition and Transformation. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2019. 237 p.Kanet R.E., Moulioukova D., eds. Russia and the World in the Putin Era: From Theory to Reality in Russian Global Strategy. London; New York, Routledge, 2022. 306 p.Ryan M. War Transformed: The Future of Twenty-First-Century Great Power Competition and Conflict. Annapolis, Naval Institute Press, 2022. 312 p.Salin P. Competition and Free Trade. London; New York, Routledge, 2018. 145 p.Stucke M.E., Ezrachi A. Competition Overdose: How Free Market Mythology Transformed Us from Citizen Kings to Market Servants. S.l., Harper Business, 2020. 416 p.Tepper J., Hearn D. The Myth of Capitalism: Monopolies and the Death of Competition. Hoboken, Jersey, Wiley & Sons Inc., 2019. 320 p.Farhadi A., Masро A., eds. The Great Power Competition. Volume 4: Lessons Learned in Afghanistan: Americas Longest War. Cham, Springer, 2023. 461 p.Buszynski L., Do Thanh Hai, eds. The South China Sea: From a Regional Maritime Dispute to Geo-Strategic Competition. London; New York, Routledge, 2020. 242 p.The War in Ukraine: Russia’s Ruptured Relations with the West. Geopolitics, Supply Chains and Power Dynamics in 2023. The Economist Intelligence Unit, 2023. 9 p.Thorbjшrnsen S.O. What Happens to People in a Competitive Society: An Anthropological Investigation of Competition. Cham, Palgrave Macmillan, 2019. 423 p.Unoki K. Competition Laws, National Interests and International Relations. New York, Routledge, 2019. 219 p.Wachtel P.L. The Poverty of Affluence: A Psychological Portrait of the American Way of Life. New York, Free Press, 1983. 316 p.Wang Sh.-Ch. Transatlantic Space Politics: Competition and Cooperation Above the Clouds. London; New York, Routledge, 2013. 217 p.Wardhaugh B. Competition, Effects and Predictability: Rule of Law and the Economic Approach to Competition. Oxford, etc., Hart, 2020. 240 p.Wyne A. Americas Great-Power Opportunity: Revitalizing U.S. Foreign Policy to Meet the Challenges of Strategic Competition. Cambridge, Polity, 2022. 233 p.Yuan Feng. China and Multilateralism: From Estrangement to Competition. London; New York; Routledge, 2020. 186 p.Young-Chan Kim. China-India Relations: Geo-political Competition, Economic Cooperation, Cultural Exchange and Business Ties. Cham, Springer, 2020. 228 p.Zhou J. Great Power Competition as the New Normal of China–US Relations. Cham, Palgrave Macmillan, 2022. 283 p.Abelow B. How the West Brought War to Ukraine: Understanding How U.S. and NATO Policies Led to Crisis, War, and the Risk of Nuclear Catastrophe. Great Barrington, Massachusetts USA, Siland Press, 2022. 88 p.Moudud J.K., Bina C., Mason P.L., eds. Alternative Theories of Competition: Challenges to the Orthodoxy. London; New York, Routledge, 2012. 334 p.Becker B. France and Germany in the South China Sea, c. 1840-1930: Maritime Competition and Imperial Power. Cham, Palgrave Macmillan, 2021. 484 p.Buch-Hansen H., Wigger A. The Politics of European Competition Regulation: A Critical Political Economy. London; New York, Routledge, 2011.179 p.Bosco D., Gal M.S., eds. Challenges to Assumptions in Competition Law. Cheltenham, UK, Northampton, MA, USA, Edward Elgar, 2021. 266 p.Adi I.R., Achwan R., eds. Competition and Cooperation in Social and Political Sciences: Proceedings of the Asia Pacific Research in Social Sciences and Humanities, Depok, Indonesia, 7– 9 November 2016: Topics in Social and Political Sciences. London; New York, Routledge, 2018. 391 p.Arora-Jonsson S., Brunsson N., Hasse R., Lagerström K., eds. Competition: What It Is and Why It Happens. Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2021. 244 p.Brands H., Gain F.J., eds. COVID-19 and World Order: The Future of Conflict, Competition, and Cooperation. Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University Press, 2020. 455 p.Crawford T.W. The Power to Divide: Wedge Strategies in Great Power Competition. Ithaca; London, Cornell University Press, 2021. 292 p.Chou C.P., Spangler J., eds. Cultural and Educational Exchanges between Rival Societies: Cooperation and Competition in an Interdependent World. Singapore, Springer, 2018. 169 p.Davies W. The Limits of Neoliberalism: Authority, Sovereignty and the Logic of Competition. Los Angeles, etc., Sage, 2014. 220 p.Tomljenović V., Bodiroga-Vukobrat N., Malnar V.B., Kunda I., eds. EU Competition and State Aid Rules: Public and Private Enforcement. Berlin; Heidelberg, Springer-Verlag, 2017. 313 p.Franke N. Built to Belong: Discovering the Power of Community over Competition. New York; Nashville, Worthy Publishing, 2021. 256 p.Gilbert R.J. Innovation Matters: Competition Policy for the High-Technology Economy. Cambridge, Massachusetts; London, The MIT Press, 2020. 356 p.Glaser Ch.L. Rational Theory of International Politics: The Logic of Competition and Cooperation. Princeton; Oxford, Princeton University Press, 2010. 314 p.Naumescu V., ed. Great Powers’ Foreign Policy: Approaching the Global Competition and the Russian War against the West. Leiden; Boston, Brill, 2023. 497 p.Gresh G.F. To Rule Eurasias Waves: The New Great Power Competition at Sea. New Haven; London, Yale University Press, 2020. 363 p.Gutorov V.A., Shirinyants A.A., Shutov A.Yu. Two Civilizations: The Relations of Russia and Western Europe at the Beginning of the 21st Century. Baltic Region, 2018, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 132-141.Hearn J. The Domestication of Competition: Social Evolution and Liberal Society. Cambridge; New York, Cambridge University Press, 2023. 321 p.Hess M. Economic War: Ukraine and the Global Conflict Between Russia and the West. London, Hurst & Company, 2023. 280 p.Honghua Men. Order of East Asia: Regional Transformation, Competition Among Main Powers, and China’s Strategy. Singapore, Springer, 2020. 276 p.Hont I. Jealousy of Trade: International Competition and the Nation-State in Historical Perspective. Cambridge, Massachusetts; London, The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2005. 560 p.Hont I. Politics in Commercial Society: JeanJacques Rousseau and Adam Smith. Cambridge, Massachusetts; London, Harvard University Press, 2015. 138 p.Hudson R. Co-Produced Economies: Capital, Collaboration, Competition. London; New York, Routledge, 2019. 245 p.Kassab H.S. Globalization Multipolarity and Great Power Competition. New York; London, Routledge, 2022. 171 p.Kennedy P. The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers: Economic Change and Military Conflict from 1500-2000. London; Sydney; Wellington, Unwin Hyman, 1988. 677 p.Kreps D.M. Foundations I: Choice and Competitive Markets. Princeton; Oxford, Princeton University Press, 2012. 563 p.Kreps D.M. Microeconomic Foundations II: Imperfect Competition, Information, and Strategic Interaction. Princeton, Princeton University Press, 2023. 800 p.Kumar S., Qiu L. Social Media Analytics and Practical Applications: The Change to the Competition Landscape. Boca Raton; London; New York, CRC Press, 2022. 66 p.Levaggi A.G. Great Power Competition in the Southern Oceans: From the Indo-Pacific to the South Atlantic. Cham, Switzerland, Palgrave Macmillan, 2023. 269 p.Malinauskaite J. Harmonisation of EU Competition Law Enforcement. Cham, Switzerland, Springer, 2020. 272 p.Malinovskii V.K. Insurance Planning Models: Price Competition and Regulation of Financial Stability. New Jersey; London, etc., World Scientific, 2022. 332 p.Kapossy B., Nakhimovsky I., Reinert S.A., Whatmore R., eds. Markets, Morals, Politics: Jealousy of Trade and the History of Political Thought. Cambridge, Massachusetts; London, Harvard University Press, 2018. 316 p.Mazarr M.J., Blake J.S., Casey A., McDonald T., Pezard J., Spirtas M. Understanding the Emerging Era of International Competition: Theoretical and Historical Perspectives. Santa Monica, Calif., RAND Corporation, 2018. 166 p.Morgenthau H.J. Politics Among Nations: The Struggle for Power and Peace. New York, Alfred A. A. Knopf, 1948. 445 p.Molenaar C. The End of Competition: The Impact of the Network Economy. New Jersey, etc., World Scientific Publishing, 2020. 233 p.Monaghan A. Russian Grand Strategy in the Era of Global Power Competition. Manchester, Manchester University Press, 2022. 224 p.Mosca M. Monopoly Power and Competition: The Italian Marginalist Perspective. Cheltenham; Northampton, MA, Edward Elgar, 2018. 242 p.Moudud J.K. Strategic Competition, Dynamics, and the Role of the State: A New Perspective. Cheltenham; Northampton, MA, Edward Elgar, 2010. 164 p.Nanda N. Indias Industrial Policy and Performance: Growth, Competition and Competitiveness. London; New York, Routledge, 2021. 194 p.Nye J.S. Soft Power and Great-Power Competition: Shifting Sands in the Balance of Power Between the United States and China. Singapore, Springer, 2023. 208 p.Nye J.S., Welch D.A. Understanding Global Conflict & Cooperation: Intro to Theory & History. Ninth Edition. Harlow, Pearson Education Ltd, 2014. 371 p.Stevenson A., ed. Oxford Dictionary of English. New York, Oxford University Press, 2010. 2112 p.Pieper M. The Making of Eurasia: Competition and Cooperation Between Chinas Belt and Road Initiative and Russia. London; New York; Oxford; New Delhi; Sydney, I.B. Tauris, 2022. 166 p.Robertson V.H.S.E. Competition Laws Innovation Factor: The Relevant Market in Dynamic Contexts in the EU and the US. Oxford, etc., Hart, 2020. 352 p.Rodger B.J., Muccolloch A. Competition Law and Policy in the EU and UK. Sixth Edition. London; New York, Routledge, 2021. 391 p.Rolland S.E., Trubek D.M. Emerging Powers in the International Economic Order: Cooperation, Competition and Transformation. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2019. 237 p.Kanet R.E., Moulioukova D., eds. Russia and the World in the Putin Era: From Theory to Reality in Russian Global Strategy. London; New York, Routledge, 2022. 306 p.Ryan M. War Transformed: The Future of Twenty-First-Century Great Power Competition and Conflict. Annapolis, Naval Institute Press, 2022. 312 p.Salin P. Competition and Free Trade. London; New York, Routledge, 2018. 145 p.Stucke M.E., Ezrachi A. Competition Overdose: How Free Market Mythology Transformed Us from Citizen Kings to Market Servants. S.l., Harper Business, 2020. 416 p.Tepper J., Hearn D. The Myth of Capitalism: Monopolies and the Death of Competition. Hoboken, Jersey, Wiley & Sons Inc., 2019. 320 p.Farhadi A., Masро A., eds. The Great Power Competition. Volume 4: Lessons Learned in Afghanistan: Americas Longest War. Cham, Springer, 2023. 461 p.Buszynski L., Do Thanh Hai, eds. The South China Sea: From a Regional Maritime Dispute to Geo-Strategic Competition. London; New York, Routledge, 2020. 242 p.The War in Ukraine: Russia’s Ruptured Relations with the West. Geopolitics, Supply Chains and Power Dynamics in 2023. The Economist Intelligence Unit, 2023. 9 p.Thorbjшrnsen S.O. What Happens to People in a Competitive Society: An Anthropological Investigation of Competition. Cham, Palgrave Macmillan, 2019. 423 p.Unoki K. Competition Laws, National Interests and International Relations. New York, Routledge, 2019. 219 p.Wachtel P.L. The Poverty of Affluence: A Psychological Portrait of the American Way of Life. New York, Free Press, 1983. 316 p.Wang Sh.-Ch. Transatlantic Space Politics: Competition and Cooperation Above the Clouds. London; New York, Routledge, 2013. 217 p.Wardhaugh B. Competition, Effects and Predictability: Rule of Law and the Economic Approach to Competition. Oxford, etc., Hart, 2020. 240 p.Wyne A. Americas Great-Power Opportunity: Revitalizing U.S. Foreign Policy to Meet the Challenges of Strategic Competition. Cambridge, Polity, 2022. 233 p.Yuan Feng. China and Multilateralism: From Estrangement to Competition. London; New York; Routledge, 2020. 186 p.Young-Chan Kim. China-India Relations: Geo-political Competition, Economic Cooperation, Cultural Exchange and Business Ties. Cham, Springer, 2020. 228 p.Zhou J. Great Power Competition as the New Normal of China–US Relations. Cham, Palgrave Macmillan, 2022. 283 p.